| REGION | TRANSNATIONAL PIPELINE (NAME) | OIL/GAS | PLANNED (P), IN-PROGRESS (IP) or COMPLETED (C) | IF BEING PLANNED, IN WHICH STAGE OF PLANNING. ALSO, PROJECTED START/COMPLETION DATES. | STARTING POINT | ENDING POINT | TRANSIT STATE(S) | CAPACITY (INITIAL) | LENGTH | DIAMETER | DATE OF COMPLETION | OPERATION COMMENCEMENT DATE | CAPITAL COST | OWNERSHIP/MANAGEMENT | TARIFF/TRANSIT FEES | DISPUTES | ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES | NOTES | SOURCE | SECURITY | SIZE OF SECURITY | TARGET OF TERRORIST ATTACK | |||||||||
| GOVERNMENT PROVIDED / FUNDED | PRIVATELY FUNDED | NUMBER OF SECURITY PERSONNEL | COSTS | IF YES, LAST INCIDENT (YEAR)? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ASIA | I N P R O C E S S O F B E I N G C O M P L E T E D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kovykta | Natural gas | P | Both CNPC and Kogas signed letters of intent for the project in Nov 2003, although several independent analysts have expressed doubts that the project will come to fruition. During talks between Russian President Putin and Hu Jintao in April 2006, the two leaders reportedly agreed to move ahead with the proposed pipeline by 2011, although as of July 2006 no formal decision has been made on whether or not to proceed with the project. Source: EIA's China Country Analysis Brief. | Siberia, Russia | China, possibly South Korea | 2.9 Bcf/d. China would consume 1.9 Bcf/d and South Korea would consume 1 Bcf/d. | $12 billion | Letters of intent for the project signed by China's state-owned China National Petroleum Company (CNPC) and South Korea's main natural gas company, Kogas. | EIA, China Aug 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Myanmar-China | Oil | P | In April 2006, China's National Development and Reform Commission (NDRD) reportedly approved a feasibility study. Contradictory news reports have suggested that Chinese planners do not consider the Myanmar-China route economically attractive and so far have no plans to build such a pipeline. Source: EIA's China Country Analysis Brief. | Myanmar | China | According to EIA's China Country Analysis Brief, the pipeline is envisioned as an alternative transport route for crude from the Middle East and Africa that would bypass the choke point of the Strait of Malacca. | EIA, China Aug 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Myanmar - India (No official name) | Natural gas | P | In March 2006, the governments of India and Myanmar signed a natural gas supply deal, although a specific pipeline route has yet to be determined. | Myanmar | India | Since 1997, Bangladesh has been working to reach an agreement with its neighbors for the establishment of a pipeline to transport natural gas from Myanmar to India through its territory. However, after indecision from Bangladeshi authorities over the plans, India and Myanmar have studied the possibility of building a pipeline that would terminate in the eastern Indian state of Tripura and not cross Bangladeshi soil. Source: EIA's India and Bangladesh Country Analysis Briefs. | EIA, India Jan 2007 and EIA, Bangladesh July 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean (ESPO) | Oil | IP | Construction on first section begun in April 2006 and expected to be completed in 2008. Russia has yet to choose a final destination. Beijing has lobbied for the route to pump oil to China, although Russian officials have said they favor a route that would allow exports to both China and Japan. EIA's Japan Country Analysis Brief. | Taishet, Russia | China or Japan | 1.6 million bbl/d | 2,500 miles. 1,500 miles from Taishet to Skovorodino, which is only 30 miles from the Chinese border. | 1220 mm | Constructed by Russian state-owned oil company Transneft. | According to EIA's China Country Analysis Brief, news reports suggest that the first phase of the ESPO to Skovorodino will include a spur to Daqing, China carrying as much as 600,000 bbl/d. | EIA, Japan Dec 2006 and EIA, China Aug 2006. Transneft website (www.transneft.ru/projects) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Quatar - Oman - Pakistan (No official name) | Natural gas | P | Pakistan has signed a preliminary agreement to eventually purchase natural gas from Qatar, though it remains to be seen if further action on the project will be taken. Source: EIA's Pakistan Country Analysis Brief. | North Dome field, Qatar | Pakistan | Oman | This would be a link to the Dolphin Project in Qatar. Natural gas would be supplied from Qatar's North Dome field to Pakistan via a sub sea pipeline from Oman. | EIA, Pakistan Dec 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indonesia-Malaysia | Natural gas | C | Indonesia | Duyong platform, Malaysia | 250 Mmcf/d | August 2002. | EIA, Indonesia Jan 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asamera (aka South Sumatra-Singapore) | Natural gas | C | Asamera, Sumatra, Indonesia | Singapore | 350 Mmcf/d during 2006 | August 2003. | Another 100 Mmcf/d is anticipated to be delivered via the Asamera line from the ConocoPhillips field to power Singapore's planned Island Power Station, although the project has experienced numerous delays. | EIA, Singapore July 2006 and EIA, Indonesia Jan 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| West Natuna | Natural gas | C | West Natuna, Indonesia | Jurong Islands, Singapore | 325 Mmcf/d | 400 mile | January 2001. | EIA, Singapore July 2006. Victor, David G. (ed.), Amy M. Jaffe and Mark H. Hayes, Natural Gas and Geopolitics: From 1970 to 2040. Cambridge University Press, 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Plentong | Natural gas | IP | Under construction | Plentong, Johor state, Malaysia | Senoko, Singapore | 115 Mmcf/d, eventually up to 290 Mmcf/d | 3-mile | EIA, Singapore July 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Malaysia-Singapore | Natural gas | C | Malaysia | Singapore | 155 Mmcf/d | 1992 | Singapore's Senoko Powers imports the natural gas from the Malaysian national oil and gas company, Petronas. | EIA, Singapore July 2006. Victor, David G. (ed.), Amy M. Jaffe and Mark H. Hayes, Natural Gas and Geopolitics: From 1970 to 2040. Cambridge University Press, 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trans-Thailand-Malaysia Gas Pipeline System (TTM) | Natural gas | C | JDA, Gulf of Thailand (see notes section) | Malaysia, Thailand | According to the Malaysia-Thailand Joint Authority website, the Malaysia-Thailand Joint Development Area (JDA) is an area agreed by the two Governments in 1979 to be jointly explored and exploited for non-living natural resources for the mutual and equal benefits of the two countries. The TTM connects fields from the JDA located in the lower part of the Gulf of Thailand with each country's domestic transmission system. It is a major component of the proposed "Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline" (TAGP) system, which envisions the establishment of a transnational pipeline network linking the major natural gas producers and consumers in Southeast Asia. Source: EIA's Thailand Country Analysis Brief. | EIA, Thailand April 2007. Malaysia-Thailand Joint Authority website (http://www.mtja.org/) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Myanmar-Thailand (Yadana Project) [Map] | Natural gas | C | Yadana field, Andaman Sea, Myanmar | Ratchaburi, Thailand | Output averaged 663 million cubic feet of gas per day in 2005, with PTT taking 618 million cubic feet per day and Myanmar the balance. | 410-mile | mid-1999 | $1 billion | The consortium that invested in the Yadana project was formed in several stages: Total was the original, sole signatory of the production sharing contract in June 1992, but was joined by a Unocal subsidiary in early 1993. Moattama Gas Transportation Company (MGTC) was then formed in late 1994 by separate subsidiaries of Total and Unocal. Thailand’s PTT-EP, the exploration and production subsidiary of gas purchaser PTT, joined the offshore partnership and received shares in MGTC in early 1995. Finally, on November 2, 1997 state-owned Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE) exercised its option to acquire a 15% interest in the offshore partnership and MGTC on the same terms as the other investors. Source: Total's Yadana Project webpage. | This project has come under intense criticism, including allegations of labor abuse, human rights violations, and support of a rogue governmental regime, all of which Total denies. For further details, see Total's Yadana Project website. | The pipeline connects to an Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) power plant in Thailand. | EIA, Thailand April 2007. Total's Yadana Project webpage (http://burma.total.com) | |||||||||||||||||||